Feobinsolsr



J. H. ROBINSON. Wheel Cultivator:

No. 95.142. y v I Patented Sepf. 2I,1869.

To all whom, it may concerm viewthereof. 'l 4 spending partsin the,two figure ;JlAMns rt, hennvson, on SELMA, ALABAMA,

1 l 1 i ii H11 id 2 Be it known that J AMEsEH. lhjonINsoN, of Selma, in the county of Dallas and State of Alabama, have invented a newand useful Improvement in (loin and Cotton, Cultivators; and I do hereby declare the followzving to be a full, clear, and exact descrip ion of the same, sufiicient to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertainsto make and use the same, reference'being had to the accompanying drawings, forming"; a part of this specification, in which- T Figurel is a vertical longitudinal section of the device, illustrating my invention, and in the line 3 y, Fig.2. .Fig. 2 a toppr plan i f W Similar letters of referencel n dicate' corre- My invention consists in Conrad gthe draftpole and plows to a hand-lever in such a manner asto enable tl edriver to move the plows universally, by means of said and-lever, with suchease and achuraey as to render it practicable to at all times control and regulate the action of the plowsby the application of the hand to said lever, which may continually be held in any desired position by the use of the hand, without any other means of securing it. The plows are alsoniade to operate in full and s l convenient view of the dr1ver,,so that he is at all times afforded the advantages of sight and unceasing regulation by hand in an easy, simple, and practicable manner. The plows are provided with treadles to assist in raising them from the ground when necessary,

In the drawings, A represents. the framework, mounted on wheels, as usual, and consisting of suitable longitudinaland transverse bars to support and carry the worl'ring parts.

i K represents the draft-pole, his of usual :lornrand construetioi To end I secure a ring, L, on th upper (and; lower sides of which are journals for gudge ns,iwhich form its axis, and are secured to the front crossbars, by which means the polelis, allowed to move laterally. iStraQs b b are secured to the pole and pivoted to t e sameoross-bars, and move on the same axis with the ring L, and strengthen. the j oint between the pole and frame A. The pole is thenniade to hold the frame in a substantial and secure manner, so as to ossible fric- EORN AND COTTON CULTIVATORS.

. l l l SpeciTatior forming jpitrt hf lhetters Patent No. 95,3 3 .2, dated September 2], 1869.

tion, and, being pivoted, this mode entirely dispenses with the use of a slide, which is generally used in such cases. Instead of the ring L, the irons, in being extended to the rear to receive the pivots, may be shaped otherwise th an at present, as appliances and taste may quire. The present circular shape is to provide for the working of the handlever and the lugs on its forward end, as hereinafter described.

011 the iorward end of the frame A, I journal a rock-shaft, which extends transversely across the frame A in such a position as to pass through the center of the ring L, and carries on each end an arm, 0, which projects downward and to the rear. These arms are connected to a cross rod, D, which passes through eyes or plates E, which are secured to the plow-standards F F. The rod D turns freely in the plates E, which form its bearing.

The arm (J and rod 1) may be formed from one solid bar of iron to secure strength.

The rock-shaft B at its middle, inside the ring L, is slotted to receive through it vertically a pivot-pin, which pivot-pin is made-wide'at its middle and where it works in the slot, to provide against its reduction by friction, and it ward end embraces the ring L at its side by means of lug c. The lower part of the inner ring, M, has ears, by which it is bolted to its counterpart above, both of which at their middle inside are drilled to a sufficient depth to receive and retain securely the rounded ends of the pivot-pin. By this means the handlever J is connected with the rock-shaft B, so that the plows may be elevated or depressed by moving the lever J up or down. lVhen the lever J is moved laterally, the inner ring, M, turns on the rounded ends of the pivot-pin at a point opposite to the lugs c, (the inner ring, M, being placed concentrically in the outer ring, L.) I shape the lever so asto form an arm, N, which extends to the rear, and is formed with or terminates in the handle J.- The arm N, at its junction with the inner ring, M, may pass through a slot in the outer ring, L, or be forked to pass around it. The cross lever or handle augments the power of the driver greatly in moving laterally.

I arrange the plow-standards in pairs, for cultivating astride the row. The front standards, F, occupy a position between and forward of the rear ones, and the eyes E are correspondingly arranged-that is, the front ones project to the rear end and the rear ones project to the front, and in line with each other, so that the rod D will pass through them all. A similar arrangement of eyes E is made at the upper end of the standards, and a rod, 0, passes through them. The ends of this rod are bent to the rear to form treadles H,which are pivoted at their sides at a to the frame A. The plowstandards may be arrangedfor bedding up land, to prepare it for planting, by revn'sing their position, putting the standards now in rear to the front, and those now in front to the rear of the rod D. This being done, and suitable plows attached to the standards, the two plows on the right will throw the dirt in that direction, and the two on the left will throw it in that direction, thus enabling them to clear themselves of the trash which generally exists at such seasons. The standards may be further arranged for fallowing by reversing the one now on the right and in rear and putting it to the front of rod D, and by putting the left standard now in front to the roar of rod D. The plates of the two standards now in the rear being longest, the standards, when thus arranged, will form a line obliquely, the right one being in advance. and each succeeding one on the left following at the proper distance. \Vhen desired, two of the standards may be taken off and operations continue with the remaining two.

It will be observed that the rock-shaft B and the rod 0, having their axes on the same longitudinal line, and the plow-standards being secured to rod D at their middle and to rod 0 at their upper and rear ends, the longitudinal pressure caused by the plows operating in the ground acts with the same power to pull the rodc and rod D up and to the rear, and the compromise line at which the plows adjust themselves is their working position, so that no pressure from the driver is required to keep them at the proper depth, unless in uneven ground, where he may exert pressure for purposes of regulation.

The angle at which the plow-standards operate may be varied by the removal of the plates at a to the front or rear, as may be desired.

I represents the drivers seat, which rises from and is secured to the rear of frame A, so that his feet are within convenient reach of the treadles, and his hand to a hand-lever. It will be observed that the position of the driver being such as to enable him to operate l between thet'readles and lever J, he can by this means excrtfgreat powenin elevating, with. comparatively little effort, every muscle being brou'htuntd action, su )porting and aiding each lotlier and having the advantages of reactionary power, secured by means of his position between. It will also be observed that the seat being in the rear of the wheels, the driver alsoderives great advantages from reactionary power in moving the plows laterally, which reactionary power is applied through the seat and frame A on the axis of the wheels. The blocks between the frame A and the axle are for the purpose of raising the frame A, so that the driver, in operating the machine and moving laterally, may conveniently press the lever over the wheels when circumstances require.

The hooks on; the plowfstandards F F, together with the cross-chains, afford an easy and convenient means of securing the plowstandards iliaiiy desired position on the rods Dandc.

By making plows to operate in the ground in adv 'hce of the wheels great advantage is secure in guiding the machine. The plows operating in the round are the controlling-power, "and thel dl'iver, having them under control by the lever J, uses them as a helm to guide the machine laterally in this po sition. They also act as ballast to hold the machine, so that it moves steadily, not being so much affected by the wheels passing uneven places as it would otherwise be. The outside plows move the dirt, to some extent, into the line on which the wheels travel, and thus give them an even track, which secures great advantage in crossing rows or ridges, as is frequently the case in cross-cultivating corn.

It will be (seen that in the machine thus constructedf lthe horses, being secured to the forward end fof the draft-pole by means of cross-yoke and straps, the depth at which the plows work in the ground may be regulated by lengthening or shortening the breaststraps. The horses carry the pole securely, and the draft c'auses'th; machine naturally to follow in a direct line, and the self-adjusting principle, ap lied through the peculiar position of rods D and c,ca1ises them to operate at the proper depth. When the horses vary from a proper course,the driver may keep his plows in position by moving the handle J laterally. By moving the handle to the right or left ofthe machine will work a corresponding movement at the axis of the pole and handle on the vertical line of pivot-pin. The driver may also regulate the depth at which the plows operate by elevating or depressing the handle J ,which turns rock-shaft B and causes a corresponding movement in the standards. When circumstances require,he may use the treadlcs to assist in ellvatling't. The transverse line at which the p10 j lpjpler to in thei ground is parallel with or he: 11y opposite tothe axes of the lever and pole, si o that their movement laterally by ilk. ii, I; "MI, c

I l l i 1 Fl the use of the handle is instantaneous. It will also be seen that this construction places the operation of the machine in full and convenicnt view of the driver in his front, so that,

with his eyesnaturally resting on his work and hishandalways on the lever, he is enabled to operate with the greatest accuracy,

having the means of making every necessary movement in an easy, simple, andpracticablc manner.

Having thus described my inventiomwhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Attaching draft-pole by me nsof two pivots, substantially for the purpok es described.

1 2. The construction and combination of draftpole K, rock-shaft B, and hand operating-1ever J, so asto form a joint through which unipurposes described.

4. Rock-shaft B, arms 0, rods D and 0, ar-

ranged to counteract each other under pressure, and to move the plows up and down at a uniform angle, for the purposes described.

5. The treadles H and their application. to rod 0, for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the rock-shaft B, arms 0, rod D, plates E E, standards F F, rod 0, treadle H, and hand-lever J, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. So arranging the plows as that they will operate in the ground parallel with or nearly opposite to the axis of the draft-pole and hand operating-lever, for the purpose described.

8. Mode of securing standards by ineans of hooks and cross-chains, for the purposes described.

The above signed by me this 23d day of June, 1869.

JAMES H. ROBINSON.

Witnesses:

T. W. ROBINSON, THOMAS A. WATTI-IALL. 

